SOA Interview Question and Answers

Q1) How to Change SSL Protocol Version of Oracle WebLogic Application Server

This article provides the information about how to disable older SSL protocols such as SSL 3.0 and SSL 2.0 (aka SSLv3 and SSLv2) on both servers and clients (browser settings) and upgrade to TLS1.0, TLS1.1 or TLS1.2.

It is recommended to be on 10.3.6 or 12c releases in order to use JSSE to the fullest potential and because only these versions are eligible for error correction support.  With or without the updates, all versions of WebLogic Server (8.1 and up) allow SSL 2.0 and SSL 3.0 to be disabled with the following parameter at startup as a JAVA_OPTION because TLS 1.0 is minimally supported on all versions:

 -Dweblogic.security.SSL.protocolVersion=TLS1

The interpretation of this property is different depending on whether the Certicom or JSSE implementation is used.

§      For Certicom, setting -Dweblogic.security.SSL.protocolVersion=TLS1 enables only TLS 1.0.

§     For JSSE, setting -Dweblogic.security.SSL.protocolVersion=TLS1 enables any protocol starting with "TLS", for example TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and TLS 1.2.

You may also disable older protocols by configuring a higher minimum protocol. For example, if using JDK 7 with JSSE enabled to gain TLS 1.1 and 1.2 support, use the following as a JAVA_OPTION:

-Dweblogic.security.SSL.minimumProtocolVersion=TLSv1.1

Which to use depends on your requirements and support of clients connecting. Some clients may be middleware servers. Not all vendors support TLS 1.1 and up, including some Oracle products and may want to keep TLS 1.0 available for that reason. If using WLS Plugin 12c to proxy to WLS, it supports TLS 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2, but older WLS Plugin versions may only support TLS 1.0.

We can add the above parameters either by using WebLogic Admin Console or using back-end domain level scripts (setDomainEnv.sh|cmd)

Using WebLogic Admin Console:

1).    Log into the WebLogic Administration Console

(Ex:http://AdminServerHost:AdminServerPort/console)

2.    Log in with the weblogic username and password

3.    3. Go to Environment –> Servers -> Click on Server (MS1 or Ms2 etc.) - > Click on Server Start tab and add the below one of the parameter into Arguments section.

 We can use either -Dweblogic.security.SSL.protocolVersion=TLS1

(or) -Dweblogic.security.SSL.minimumProtocolVersion=TLSv1.1

(OR)

       Add to JAVA_OPTIONS:

        In setDomainEnv.sh|cmd script add -Dweblogic.security.SSL.protocolVersion=TLS1 at        the end of the first JAVA_OPTIONS variable setting

        Note: setDomainEnv.sh|cmd is located under $Domain_HOME/bin

        Note: The respective servers need to be restart for effecting the changes.

Q2) Test the DataBase availability from WebLogic Server Machine without using Admin Console

The dbping command-line utility tests the connection between a DBMS and your client machine via a JDBC driver. Ensure you have set weblogic.jar in the classpath and have JAVA_HOME set properly before executing the dbping command. run the 'setWLSEnv.sh|cmd' instead of setting the weblogic.jar and JAVA_HOME path.

Run setWLSEnv.sh|cmd

In Linux:

$ . ./setWLSEnv.sh

In Windows:

c/>setWLSenv.cmd

Syntax:

java utils.dbping DB2B [-d dynamicSections] USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

Usage:

or     java utils.dbping DERBY        USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping JCONN2       USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping JCONN3       USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping JCONNECT     USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping INFORMIXB    USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME/INFORMIXSERVER

or     java utils.dbping MSSQLSERVERB USER PASS HOST:PORT/[DBNAME]

or     java utils.dbping MYSQL        USER PASS [HOST][:PORT]/[DBNAME]

or     java utils.dbping ORACLEB      USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping ORACLE_THIN  USER PASS HOST:PORT:DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping POINTBASE    USER PASS HOST[:PORT]/DBNAME

or     java utils.dbping SYBASEB      USER PASS HOST:PORT/DBNAME

Argument

Definition

DBMS

Varies by DBMS and JDBC driver:

DB2B—WebLogic Type 4 JDBC Driver for DB2

JCONN2—Sybase JConnect 5.5 (JDBC 2.0) driver

JCONNECT—Sybase JConnect driver

INFORMIXB—WebLogic Type 4 JDBC Driver for Informix

MSSQLSERVER4—WebLogic jDriver for Microsoft SQL Server

MSSQLSERVERB—WebLogic Type 4 JDBC Driver for Microsoft SQL Server

ORACLE—WebLogic jDriver for Oracle

ORACLEB—WebLogic Type 4 JDBC Driver for Oracle

ORACLE_THIN—Oracle Thin Driver

POINTBASE—PointBase Universal Driver

SYBASEB—WebLogic Type 4 JDBC Driver for Sybase

[-ddynamicSections]

Specifies the number of dynamic sections to create in the DB2 package. This option is for use with the WebLogic Type 4 JDBC Driver for DB2 only.

If the -d option is specified, the driver automatically sets CreateDefaultPackage=true and ReplacePackage=true on the connection and creates a DB2 package with the number of dynamic sections specified.

user

Valid database username for login. Use the same values you use with isql, sqlplus, or other SQL command-line tools.

For DB2 with the -d option, the user must have CREATE PACKAGE privileges on the database.

password

Valid database password for the user. Use the same values you use with isql or sqlplus.

DB

Name and location of the database. Use the following format, depending on which JDBC driver you use:

DB2B—Host:Port/DBName

JCONN2—Host:Port/DBName

JCONNECT—Host:Port/DBName

INFORMIXB—Host:Port/DBName/InformixServer

MSSQLSERVER4—Host:Port/DBName or [DBName@]Host[:Port]

MSSQLSERVERB—Host:Port/DBName

ORACLE—DBName (as listed in tnsnames.ora)

ORACLEB—Host:Port/DBName

ORACLE_THIN—Host:Port/DBName

POINTBASE—Host[:Port]/DBName

SYBASEB—Host:Port/DBName

Where:

Host is the name of the machine hosting the DBMS,

Port is port on the database host where the DBMS is listening for connections, and

DBName is the name of a database on the DBMS.

InformixServer is an Informix-specific environment variable that identifies the Informix DBMS server.

Example

java utils.dbping ORACLE_THIN system oracle dbserver1:1521:xe

**** Success!!! ****

You can connect to the database in your app using:

  java.util.Properties props = new java.util.Properties();

  props.put("user", "system");

  props.put("password", "oracle");

  java.sql.Driver d =

    Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver").newInstance();

  java.sql.Connection conn =

    Driver.connect("jdbc:oracle:thin:@dbserver1:1521:xe", props);

Q3) SOA-INFRA Failed due to "oracle.mds.lcm.exception.MDSLCMException: MDS-00922: The ConnectionManager "oracle.mds.internal.persistence.db.JNDIConnectionManagerImpl" cannot be instantiated. weblogic.common.ResourceException: No good connections available."

soa-infra will not coming to running state and found that the below error in soa-diagnostics.log file.

Error:

oracle.mds.lcm.exception.MDSLCMException: MDS-00922: The ConnectionManager "oracle.mds.internal.persistence.db.JNDIConnectionManagerImpl" cannot be instantiated.

weblogic.common.ResourceException: No good connections available.

The above error tells that The SOA server is unable to establish a connection to the database.

Solution:

Check all the existing data sources are running fine and all are targated to SOA servers.

The list of data sources used by applications deployed to WebLogic Server can be viewed by either connecting to the Weblogic console and navigating to

To verify the state

Services -> JDBC -> Data Sources -> Monitoring

To verify the targets

Services -> JDBC -> Data Sources -> Click on Particular DataSource -> Targets

or in the $ORACLE_BASE/admin/SOA_domain/config/config.xml file.

For each data source there is a separate configuration file located in the $ORACLE_BASE/admin/SOA_domain/config/jdbc folder.

In this my case, the problem was due to the mds-soa data source.

Q4) Configure Weblogic Server SSL Configuration using WLST Script

Save the below mentioned script as .py (sslconfig) file and run it with below command

/u01/app/oracle/product/fmw/wlserver_10.3/common/bin/wlst.sh sslconfig.py

import os,sys

def configSSL(server, domainName, certsPath):

    print "****** SSL Configuration on" + " " + str(server) + " *********"

    cd('/Servers/' + str(server))

    cmo.setCustomIdentityKeyStoreFileName(certsPath + '/' + 'Identity.jks')

    set('CustomIdentityKeyStorePassPhrase', 'welcomeidstore')

    cmo.setCustomTrustKeyStoreFileName(certsPath + '/' + 'Trust.jks')

    set('CustomTrustKeyStorePassPhrase', 'welcometruststore')

    cmo.setKeyStores('CustomIdentityAndCustomTrust')

    cmo.setCustomIdentityKeyStoreType('jks')

    cmo.setCustomTrustKeyStoreType('jks')

    cd('/Servers/' + str(server) +'/SSL/' + str(server))

    cmo.setServerPrivateKeyAlias(domainName)

    set('ServerPrivateKeyPassPhrase', 'welcomekey')

   def main():

    certsPath = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/certs"

     

    if not os.path.exists(certsPath):

        print "Given " + certsPath +  " path is not available "

    else:

        print "Conneting to domainName AdminServer......"

        connect('weblogic','Welcome1','t3://localhost:7001')

      

        domainConfig()

        servers = cmo.getServers()

        print '*********Start SSL Configuration********************'

        edit()

        startEdit()

        for server in servers:

            server = server.getName()

            print "Server Name ", server

            configSSL(server, domainName, certsPath)

            save()

        activate()

        print '*********Completed Start SSL Configuration********************'

        disconnect()

main()

Q5) Script for creating Self Signed Certificates

Linux

Save the below mentioned script as a linux shell script and run it. Identity and Trust stores are created under /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs

#!/bin/sh

domainName="Wldomain"

keytool -genkey -alias ${domainName} -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -dname "CN= my.company.com,OU=OFMW,O=MW,L=Brisbane, ST=Queensland, C=AU" -keypass welcomekey -keystore /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/Identity.jks -storepass welcomeidstore

keytool -export -alias ${domainName} -file /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/rootCA.cer -keystore /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/Identity.jks -storepass welcome

keytool -import -alias ${domainName}  -trustcacerts -file /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/rootCA.cer -keystore /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/Trust.jks -storepass welcometruststore -noprompt

Windows

Save the below mentioned script as a Windows batch script and run it. Identity and Trust stores are created under /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs

#!/bin/sh

domainName="Wldomain"

keytool -genkey -alias %domainName% -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -dname "CN= my.company.com,OU=OFMW,O=MW,L=Brisbane, ST=Queensland, C=AU" -keypass welcomekey -keystore /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/Identity.jks -storepass welcomeidstore

keytool -export -alias %domainName% -file /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/rootCA.cer -keystore /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/Identity.jks -storepass welcome

keytool -import -alias %domainName%  -trustcacerts -file /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/rootCA.cer -keystore /u01/app/oracle/admin/certs/Trust.jks -storepass welcometruststore -noprompt

Q6) Configuring self-signed certificate on webLogic

Creating self-signed certificate Using keytool

§  Create a directory, for example: $MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores

§  Run the following to set the environment

cd /bin

$ . ./setDomainEnv.sh

§  Create a keystore and private key, by executing the following command:

keytool -genkey -alias -keysize 2048 -keyalg RSA -dname -keypass -keystore .jks -storepass

For example:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -genkey -alias my.company.com -keysize 2048 -keyalg RSA -dname "CN= my.company.com,OU=OFMW,O=MW,L=Brisbane, ST=Queensland, C=AU" -keypass welcome -keystore Identity.jks -storepass welcome

§  Export the root certificate:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -export -alias -keyalg RSA -file .cer -keystore .jks -storepass

For example:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -export -alias my.company.com -keyalg RSA -file rootCA.cer -keystore identity.jks -storepass welcome

§  Import the root certificate to the trust store:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -import -alias -keyalg RSA -trustcacerts -file .cer -keystore .jks -storepass welcome

For example:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -import -alias my.company.com -keyalg RSA -trustcacerts -file rootCA.cer -keystore trust.jks -storepass welcome

§  To check the contents of the keystore:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -v -list -keystore .jks -storepass welcome

For example:

$MIDDLEWARE_HOME/keystores> keytool -v -list -keystore identity.jks -storepass welcome

Configure self-signed certificates on WebLogic

§  Login to admin console. (http://localhost:7001/console)

§  Navigate to Environment -> Servers and select the server for which you want to configure the keystore. Click on the Keystores tab in it.

§  Change the keystore to Custom Identity and Custom Trust and enter below details.

Custom Identity Keystore:

Custom Identity Keystore Type: jks

Custom Identity Keystore Passphrase:

Confirm Custom Identity Keystore Passphrase:

Custom Trust Keystore:

Custom Trust Keystore Type: jks

Custom Trust Keystore Passphrase:

Confirm Custom Trust Keystore Passphrase:

§  Go to SSL tab and enter details.

Private Key Alias:

Private Key Passphrase:

Confirm Private Key Passphrase:

§  Go to General tab and check the SSL Listen Port Enabled option to enable ssl. Also specify the SSL Listen Port

Q7) PKIX: Unsupported OID in the AlgorithmIdentifier object

 PKIX: Unsupported OID in the AlgorithmIdentifier object: 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11.>

We are seeing this error on most of the times while starting the servers but it is not effecting the functionality of WebLogic Servers. If you want to remove this error follow the below on of the solution.

Enable SunJSSE Support in WebLogic Server

Login to Weblogic console

Go to [Select your Server] -> SSL -> Advance

Set “Enable JSSE” to true.

Restart your domain completely (including NodeManager)

If you start your domains with a WLST script:

CONFIG_JVM_ARGS=’-Dweblogic.ssl.JSSEEnabled=true -Dweblogic.security.SSL.enableJSSE=true’

If you start your domains with the scripts startWebLogic.sh, startManagedServer.sh, or startNodeManager.sh:

JAVA_OPTIONS=’-Dweblogic.ssl.JSSEEnabled=true -Dweblogic.security.SSL.enableJSSE=true’

8) How to Remove Saved SVN passwords from Eclipse

• Go to the $ECLIPSE_HOME/configuration/org.eclipse.core.runtime and rename “.keyring”.

Ex: -

 $ cd /u01/OEPE/oepe_11.1.1.8.0/configuration/org.eclipse.core.runtime

 $ mv .keyring .keyring_old

•  After taking the backup restart your eclipse to effect the changes.

Q8) Access to sensitive attribute in clear text is not allowed due to the setting of ClearTextCredentialAccessEnabled attribute in SecurityConfigurationMBean

Description: - While doing the configurations of SSL to the servers in WebLogic Admin console I have faced the above mentioned error.

Here is the solution for this.

 Solution: - In order to resolving the above issue we were followed the below mentioned steps.

1.       Log into the console

2.       Under "Domain structure", click the name of your domain

3.       Enable the UI for amending configuration

4.       Select the "Security" tab

5.       Expand the "Advanced" tab

6.       Tick "Clear Text Credential Access Enabled"

7.       Click "Save"

8.       Apply changes to the UI configuration

Note: - Restart is not required for the above changes.

Q9) Garbage Collection

What is Garbage Collection?

Garbage collection is the process of automatically detecting memory that is no longer in use, and allowing it to be used again. Java employs garbage collection to free memory that has been used by objects, saving programmers having to explicitly dispose of them.

"Garbage Collection (GC), also known as automatic memory management, is the automatic recycling of heap memory.

Automatic garbage collection is the process of looking at heap memory, identifying which objects are in use and which are not, and deleting the unused objects.

An in use object, or a referenced object, means that some part of your program still maintains a pointer to that object.

An unused object, or unreferenced object, is no longer referenced by any part of your program. So the memory used by an unreferenced object can be reclaimed.

In a programming language like C, allocating and deallocating memory is a manual process. In Java, process of deallocating memory is handled automatically by the garbage collector.

Q10) Standard .out log rotation in WebLogic Server

WebLogic stdout logs rotation

Add the below script to /etc/logrotate.conf

# vim /etc/logrotate.conf

/u01/app/oracle/admin/base_domain/servers/WLS_MS1/logs/*.out

{

rotate 15

size=10Mb

copytruncate

missingok

notifempty

create 754

}

After saving the data run the below command

Note: We need either root or sudo permissions for the above configurations.

# logrotate -f logrotate.conf

Descriptions of all the parameters:

rotate 15                      

# rotates keeps logs for 7 weeks then overwrites.

size=10Mb                   

# rotates log after the size reaches 10mb

copytruncate             

# Copy logfile, then truncate it in place

missingok                    

# tells logrotate not to issue an error if the log file is missing

notifempty                  

# tells logrotate not to rotate a log if it's already empty

create 754 oracle dba

# After rotation, re-create logfile with the specified permissions, owner & group

Q11) How to Take Multiple Thread Dumps using WLST Script

Here is the below script for taking multiple thread dumps using WLST.

import os,sys

serverInst = sys.argv[1]

counter = sys.argv[2]

sleepTime = 5000

loop = 0;

connect(username='weblogic', password='Welcome1', url='t3://localhost:7001')

for loop in range(int(counter)):

 java.lang.Thread.sleep(sleepTime)

 fileName = 'Threaddumps/' + serverInst + '_' + str(java.util.Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis()) + '.dmp'

 threadDump('true', fileName, serverName=serverInst)

disconnect()

After saving it into your local system you have to run the below command to get the thread dumps.

 ./wlst.sh /threadDump.py

Example :

$ ./wlst.sh threadDump.py soa_server1 5

wlst.sh is located at WL_HOME/common/bin

Q12) Supporting SSL Protocols on WebLogic 10.3.6 and 12.x

WebLogic 10.3.6 by default Certicom-based SSL implementation. In the Certicom based implementation WebLogic only supports TLSv 1.0 and SSLv 3.0.

You can enable either TLS V1.1 or TLS V1.2 on WebLogic 10.3.6 for this you have to use JSSE based implementation (for this you have to enable JSSE on server instance).

WebLogic 12.x is having JSSE based implementation by default and it supports TLS V1.0, TLS V1.1, and TLS V1.2.

Enable SunJSSE Support in WebLogic Server

Login to Weblogic console

Go to [Select your Server] -> SSL -> Advance

Set “Enable JSSE” to true.

Restart your domain completely (including NodeManager)

If you start your domains with a WLST script:

CONFIG_JVM_ARGS=’-Dweblogic.ssl.JSSEEnabled=true -Dweblogic.security.SSL.enableJSSE=true’

If you start your domains with the scripts startWebLogic.sh, startManagedServer.sh, or startNodeManager.sh:

JAVA_OPTIONS=’-Dweblogic.ssl.JSSEEnabled=true -Dweblogic.security.SSL.enableJSSE=true’

Q13) WLST Script to Obtain WebLogic Server Status

Step 1:  Set the CLASSPATH by running the setDomainEnv script.

Linux:

$ . $DOMAMIN_HOME/bin/setDomainEnv.sh

Windows:

C:/> %DOMAIN_HOME\bin\setDomainEnv.cmd

Note: - Here DOMAIN_HOME is the location of your domain.

Step2: Save the below script as serverStatus.py on your machine and change the username, password, serverurl and port as matching to your environment.

username = 'weblogic'

password = 'Welcome1'

URL='t3://localhost:7001'

connect(username,password,URL)

domainRuntime()

cd('ServerRuntimes')

servers=domainRuntimeService.getServerRuntimes()

for server in servers:

print'SERVER NAME :',server.getName();

print'SERVER STATE :',server.getState()

print'SERVER LISTEN ADDRESS :',server.getListenAddress()

print'SERVER LISTEN PORT :',server.getListenPort()

print'SERVER HEALTH STATE :',server.getHealthState()

Step3: Run the script using the below command

> wlst.cmd D:\serverStatus.py

Here is the sample output

SERVER NAME : AdminServer

SERVER STATE : RUNNING

SERVER LISTEN ADDRESS : localhost/127.0.0.1

SERVER LISTEN PORT : 7001

SERVER HEALTH STATE : Component:ServerRuntime,State:HEALTH_OK,MBean:AdminServer,ReasonCode:[]

Q14) BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check - it is based on a dictionary word

1.       Open system-auth file with root user.

vi /etc/pam.d/system-auth

2.       Look for the following two lines:

password    requisite     pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3

password    sufficient    pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok

3.       Comment out the first of the two lines:

#password    requisite     pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3

4.       Remove use_authtok on the second line. Otherwise you’ll get “passwd: Authentication information cannot be recovered” error.

password    sufficient    pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass

5.       That’s it. Try changing your password again.

Q15) In 12c how to disable auto recovery option at recovery config and also at composite level but still auto retry is happening.

Go to EM-> Right click on soa-infra -> SOA Administartion -> BPEL Properties ->Click on More Advanced BPEL Properties -> Click on recoveryConfig

Change the value maxMessageRaiseSize to 0 & the start and end times to 00:00

(You might need to restart the server)

Q16) : WebLogic Clustering in Remote Boxes

Many times we face Security related issues/SSL Handshake related issues/ Domain Salt Not found/ Node Manager Unreachable….. kind of issues after creating a Domain which spreads across many physical boxes…so This Post demonstrates that what all things we should always take care …while creating Clustered Setup…or Remote Box Managed Servers….

Step1). Install WebLogic in Box-A and Box-B in the same directory structure (Directory structure/Weblogic Installation path Must be same as the Installation Path in the AdminServer Box to Avoid Many issues…Please refer to : http://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?messageID=4243582).

Box-A   Suppose IP Address is : 1.1.1.1

Box-B   Suppose IP Address is : 2.2.2.2

Step2). Create a Domain (MyDomainOne) in Box-A then Start the AdminServer (suppose port is 7001 for Admin) of that newly created Domain.

Step3). Open Admin Console http://1.1.1.1:7001/console

Step4). Create 2 Managed Servers MS1 And MS2.

MS1 Listen Port: 7003

MS1 Listen Address: 1.1.1.1 (Example address you can assign your actual address of Box-A)

MS2 Listen Port: 7003

MS2 Listen Address: 2.2.2.2 (Example address you can assign your actual address of Box-B)

Step5). From Admin Console Create A machine:

Machine-A

Nodemanager Listen Address: 1.1.1.1

Nodemanager ListenPort: 5556

Machine-B

Nodemanager Listen Address: 2.2.2.2

Nodemanager ListenPort: 5556

Step6). Now start Nodemanager in Box-A then see in the Admin Console

Home –>Summary of Machines –>Machine-A –>Monitoring

Make sure that the Nodemanager Status is : Reachable

Steps For BOX-B (Second Managed Server Box)

Step7). Paste the Domain from Box-A to Box-B in the Same Location where it is available in Box-A (Location of Domain Directory should be identical in Box-A and Box-B)

Suppose the location of domain was : “/opt/apps/bea103/user_projects/MyDomainOne” , then in All the Managed Server Boxes you should have the same directory structure.

Better if you use “Pack/Unpack” weblogic utility to do this. By doing this you can ensure that you will never get invalid (domain salt file not found) Or Many Security & SSL Handshake related errors kind of error while starting your ManagedServer remotely. (for detail of Pack/Unpack commands) http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E13179_01/common/docs92/pack/commands.html#wp1068441

Step8). Open a Shell/command prompt in Box-B and then run setWLSEnv.sh/setWLSEnv.cmd

Then Enroll the Nodemanager using WLST comma

http://download-llnw.oracle.com/docs/cd/E15051_01/wls/docs103/nodemgr/nodemgr_config.html#wp1100844

Syntax: nmEnroll([domainDir], [nmHome])

java weblogic.WLST

 connect('weblogic','weblogic','t3://1.1.1.1:7001')

nmEnroll('/opt/apps/bea103/user_projects/MyDomainOne','/opt/apps/bea103/wlserver_10.3/common/nodemager')

Above command will Enroll the Nodemanager of Box-B in Domain (MyDomainOne) created in Box-A

Step9). Start Nodemanager in Box-B

Step10). Login to AdminConsole of Box-A and then check that the Machine-2 Nodemanager is showing “reachable” or “incative”…Ideally Now it should be ‘Reachable’

Step11). Login to AdminConsole and Now Create a Cluster and add these both Managed Servers In that Cluster.

Step12). Now start Both Managed Servers through AdminConsole.

16Q) Improve performance within SOA UAT/PRD environment.

Navigation: Login Weblogic admin consoleà Environments-> servers-> soa_ms01 click on that and go to->Configuration->General->Server Start then copy and paste below JVM Parameters under Arguments table

INSTALLATION PLAN (High Level Steps)

 The following parameters and values for the same (as suggested by the apps team) are to be added in the JVM startup scripts to the SOA servers, :  prd-ofmw-101 & prd-ofmw-102

JVM Parameter                                                From               To

Dweblogic.http.client.defaultReadTimeout         Currently not set.            410000 (milliseconds)

Dweblogic.http.client.defaultConnectTimeout   Currently not set.            410000 (milliseconds)

DHTTPClient.socket.readTimeout                             Currently not set.            410000 (milliseconds)

DHTTPClient.socket.connectionTimeout                       Currently not set.    410000 (milliseconds)

Navigation for update DataSource database connection properties:- Login Weblogic admin console-> Services->Datasource->click  any datasource-> Configuration->Connection Pool à and update below properties under Properties Tab…

For All DataSource database connection properties:

DataSource database connection property                  From                       To

oracle.jdbc.ReadTimeout                                 Currently not set.        420000 (milliseconds)

oracle.net.CONNECT_TIMEOUT                            10000 (no change )              10000 (milliseconds) ( no change)

Note: Restart the Servers so that the new settings are used.

1. What is a Service in SOA?
In the real world, a service is what we pay for and we get the intended service.

Example 1 (from Real World): You go to a restaurant and order food. Your order first goes to the counter and then it goes to the kitchen where the food is prepared and finally the waiter serves the food.

So in order to order an item from a restaurant you need three logical departments / services to work together (counter, kitchen, and waiter).

In the same manner in software world, these services are termed as business services.

Example 2 (from Software World): You go to Amazon to order a book. Different services like payment gateway, stock system, and delivery system come together to achieve your task.

All the services are self contained and logical. They are like black boxes. In short we do not need to understand the internal details of how the business service works. For the external world it’s just a black box which takes messages and serves accordingly. For instance the ‘payment gateway’ business service takes the message ‘check credit’ and gives out output: does the customer have credit or not. For the ‘order system’ business service ‘payment gateway’ service is a black box.

2. What are the main characteristics of services in SOA?

Following are the main characteristics of services in SOA:

A) SOA components are loosely coupled. When we say loosely coupled that means every service is self-contained and exists alone logically. For instance we take the ‘payment gateway’ service and attach it to a different system.

B) SOA services are black boxes. In SOA, services hide there inner complexities. They only interact using messages and send services depending on those messages. By visualizing services as black boxes, services become more loosely coupled.

C) SOA service should be self defined: SOA services should be able to define themselves.

D) SOA services are maintained in a listing: SOA services are maintained in a central repository. Applications can search the services in the central repository and use them accordingly.

E) SOA services can be orchestrated and linked to achieve a particular functionality: SOA services can be used/orchestrated in a plug and play manner. For instance, the figure ‘Orchestration’ shows two services ‘Security service’ and ‘Order processing service’. You can achieve two types of orchestrations from it: one you can check the user first and then process the order, or vice-versa. Yes, you guessed right, using SOA we can manage a workflow between services in a loosely coupled fashion.

3. What is SOA?
SOA stands for Service Oriented Architecture. SOA is an architecture for building business applications using loosely coupled services which act like black boxes and can be orchestrated to achieve a specific functionality by linking together.

4. What are Contract, Address, and Bindings?
These three terminologies on which SOA service stands. Every service must expose one or more ends by which the service can be available to the client. End consists of three important things where, what and how:-

Contract is an agreement between two or more parties. It defines the protocol how client should communicate with your service. Technically, it describes parameters and return values for a method.

An Address indicates where we can find this service. Address is a URL, which points to the location of the service.

Bindings determine how this end can be accessed. It determines how communications is done. For instance, you expose your service, which can be accessed using SOAP over HTTP or BINARY over TCP. So for each of these communications medium two bindings will be created.

5. Are web-services SOA?
SOA is a thinking, it’s an architectural concept, and web service is one of the technical approaches to complete it. Web services are the preferred standards to achieve SOA.

In SOA we need services to be loosely coupled. A web service communicates using the SOAP protocol which is XML based, which is very loosely coupled. It answers the what part of the service.

SOA services should be able to describe themselves. WSDL describes how we can access the service.

SOA services are located in a directory. UDDI describes where we can get the web service. This is nothing but the implementation of the SOA registry.

6. What are the main benefits of SOA?
SOA helps create greater alignment between IT and line of business while generating more flexibility – IT flexibility to support greater business flexibility. Your business processes are changing faster and faster and global competition requires the flexibility that SOA can provide.

SOA can help you get better reuse out of your existing IT investments as well as the new services you’re developing today. SOA makes integration of your IT investments easier by making use of well-defined interfaces between services. SOA also provides an architectural model for integrating business partners’, customers’ and suppliers’ services into an enterprise’s business processes. This reduces cost and improves customer satisfaction

7. What is a reusable Service?
It is an autonomous, reusable, discoverable, stateless functionality that has the necessary granularity, and can be part of a composite application or a composite service.

A reusable service should be identified with a business activity described by the service specifications (design-time contract).

A service’s constraints, including security, QoS, SLA, usage policies, may be defined by multiple run-time contracts, multiple interfaces (the WSDL for a SOAP Web Service), and multiple implementations (the code).

A reusable service should be governed at the enterprise level throughout its entire lifecycle, from design-time through run-time. Its reuse should be promoted through a prescriptive process, and that reuse should be measured.

8. Talking about Service identification, which approach between top-down and bottom-up methodologies encourages re-use and maintenance?
Since the top-down approach is business-driven it can be practical to separate the different concerns of business and IT on different plans, providing a common ground in between. So in most situations it the most appropriate if you want to improve reuse and ROI in the medium/long term.

9. How can you achieve loose coupling in a SOA?

One strategy for achieving loose coupling is to use the service interface (the WSDL for a SOAP Web Service) to limit this dependency, hiding the service implementation from the consumer. Loose coupling can be addressed by encapsulating the service functionalities in a manner that limits the impact of changes to the implementation on the service interface. However, at some point you will need to change the interface and manage versioning without impacting service consumers, in addition to managing multiple security constraints, multiple transports, and other considerations

10. Do you recall any pattern which could be used to leverage loose coupling?
The Mediation pattern, using an enterprise service bus (ESB), will help in achieving this.

Mediation will take loose coupling to the highest level. It will establish independence between consumers and providers on all levels, including message formats, message types (including SOAP, REST, XML, binary) and transport protocols (including HTTP, HTTPS, JMS).

Architecturally speaking this means the separation of concerns between consumers and providers on the transport, message type, and message format levels.

11. The Service of a SOA should be engineered as stateless or stateful?
Service should be stateless. It may have a context within its stateless execution, but it will not have an intermediary state waiting for an event or a call-back. The retention of state-related data must not extend beyond a request/response on a service. This is because state management consumes a lot of resources, and this can affect the scalability and availability that are required for a reusable service.
12. What is composition of a Service?
Composition is the process by which services are combined to produce composite applications or composite services. A composite application consists of the aggregation of services to produce an enterprise portal or enterprise process. A composite service consists of an aggregation of services that produces another reusable service. It’s just like combining electronic components to create a computer motherboard, and then using that motherboard in a computer. Think of the motherboard as a reusable composite service that is a component of the computer, and of the computer as the composite application.

13. How do I integrate my Legacy applications with SOA?

Legacy applications are frequently at the core of your IT environment. With the right skills and tools, you need to identify discrete elements within your legacy applications and “wrap” them in standards-based interfaces and use them as services within your SOA.

14. How does the ESB fits in this picture?
The Enterprise Service Bus is a core element of any SOA. ESBs provide the “any to any” connectivity between services within your own company, and beyond your business to connect to your trading partners. But SOA does not stop at just implementing an ESB. Depending on what your goals are, you may want to use an ESB to connect other services within your SOA such as information services, interaction services and business process management services. Additionally, you will need to consider development services and IT service management services. The SOA reference architecture can help you lay out an SOA environment that meets your needs and priorities. The ESB is part of this reference architecture and provides the backbone of an SOA but it should not be considered an SOA by itself.

15. In SOA do we need to build systems from scratch?

No. If you need to integrate or make an existing system as a business service, you just need to create loosely coupled wrappers which will wrap your custom systems and expose the systems functionality in a generic fashion to the external world.

16. What’s the difference between services and components?

Services are logical grouping of components to achieve business functionality. Components are implementation approaches to make a service. The components can be in JAVA, C#, C++ but the services will be exposed in a general format like Web Services.

17. The concept of SOA is nothing new, however why everyone started to talk about SOA only in the recent years?
Yes, I agree the basic concepts of SOA aren’t new, however some technology technology changes in the last 10 years made service-oriented architecture more practical and applicable to more organizations than it was previously. Among this:

1. Universally-accepted industry standards such as XML, its many variants, and Web-services standards have contributed to the renewed interest in SOA.

2. Data governance frameworks, which are important to a successful SOA implementation, have well test and refined over the years.

3. A variety of enabling technologies and tools (e.g., modeling, development, infrastructure/middleware, management, and testing) have matured.

4. Understanding of business and business strategies has grown, shifting attention from technology to the people, cultural changes, and process that are key business success factors.

18. What is the most important skill you need to adopt SOA? Technical or Cultural?
Surely cultural. SOA does require people to think of business and technology differently. Instead of thinking of technology first (e.g., If we implement this system, what kinds of things can we do with it?), practitioners must first think in terms of business functions, or services (e.g., My company does these business functions, so how can I set up my IT system to do those things for me most efficiently?).It is expected that adoption of SOA will change business IT departments, creating service-oriented (instead of technology-oriented) IT organizations.
19. What are the main obstacles in the way of SOA?
1. Shortage of skills.
2. Justifying the ROI of SOA projects.

20. Can I buy an SOA or must I build one?
To move your organization toward greater service orientation, you need to take a balanced approach to building versus buying. To create the infrastructure for an SOA, you’ll need the right commercial off-the-shelf software that complements (rather than replaces) your existing IT infrastructure. This is a “buy” statement. On the “build” side, you may also choose to access know-how and hands-on involvement to use these software products effectively and get the most out of them. This infrastructure and the associated tools can help you create the business services that run on your SOA. Again, there is some “building” associated with this. So the real answer is that you need a certain measure of both building and buying.

21. Do I need SOA Governance to get started?
A key aspect of successful SOA implementations is having business involved in the effort from the beginning. One of the values from SOA you can gain is improved Business/IT Alignment. SOA Governance supplies the decision rights, processes, and policies for business and IT to work together. After a service is deployed, there must be management aspects in place to control and monitor the service. You do not need a lot of SOA Governance to get started, but enough to work with the level of Smart SOA you are implementing.

22. What are SOA Entry Points?
To get started quickly with SOA, you need to select an initial project that focuses on a particular business opportunity that can be completed in a reasonably short time frame. The SOA Entry points are project areas that have been shown to provide business value in a timely manner. Each Entry Point provides a key SOA related solution:

People – collaboration improving productivity by giving employees and partners the ability to create a personalized, consolidated way to interact with others.

Process – optimize and deploy processes on the fly and monitor the effectiveness of the altered processes.

Information – improve business insight and reduce risk by using trusted information services delivered in line and in context.

Reuse – newly created and reusable services are the building blocks of SOA. Reuse gives users flexibility through reduced cycle time and elimination of duplicate processes.

Connectivity – although, in the past, connectivity has been a requirement, SOA brings new levels of flexibility to these linkages. The connectivity provided by SOA has distinct value on its own and as a building block for additional SOA initiatives.

23. What are the common pitfalls of SOA?
One of the most common pitfalls is to view SOA as an end, rather than a means to an end. Developers who focus on building an SOA solution rather than solving a specific business problem are more likely to create complex, unmanageable, and unnecessary interconnections between IT resources.

Another common pitfall is to try to solve multiple problems at once, rather than solving small pieces of the problem. Taking a top-down approach—starting with major organization-wide infrastructure investments—often fails either to show results in a relevant time-frame or to offer a compelling return on investment.

24. Is SOA really needed on your opinion?
SOA is not for everyone. While SOA delivers significant benefits and cost savings, SOA does require disciplined enforcement of centralized governance principals to be successful. For some organizations, the cost of developing and enforcing these principals may be higher than the benefits realized, and therefore not a sound initiative.

25..What is the basic life cycle of a SOA composite application?

Use Oracle JDeveloper to design a SOA composite application with various SOA components.

Package the composite application for deployment.

Deploy the SOA composite application to the SOA Infrastructure. The SOA Infrastructure is a Java EE-compliant application running in Oracle WebLogic Server. The application manages composites and their life cycle, service engines, and binding components.

Use Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control to monitor and manage the composite application for a farm’s SOA infrastructure.

26..What is the Service Component Architecture (SCA) used for?

Service Component Architecture (SCA) assembly model abstracts the implementation and allows assembly of components, with little implementation details. SCA enables you to represent business logic as reusable service components that can be easily integrated into any SCA-compliant application. The resulting application is known as a SOA composite application. The specification for the SCA standard is maintained by the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS).

27..What is the purpose of Service Data Objects (SDO)?

Service Data Objects (SDO) provides a data programming architecture. It provides a standardized view on data, and provides efficient transportation, as well as change capture, in form of a change summary. More specifically, it collects a data graph of related business objects, called DataObjects. This graph tracks the schema that describes the DataObjects. Knowledge is not required about how to access a particular back-end data source to use SDO in a SOA composite application. Consequently, you can use static or dynamic programming styles and obtain connected and disconnected access.

28..What is the purpose of Business Process Execution Language (BPEL)?

BPEL provides enterprises with an industry standard for business process orchestration and execution. Using BPEL, you design a business process that integrates a series of discrete services into an end-to-end process flow. This integration reduces process cost and complexity.

29..What is the purpose of XSL Transformations?

XSLT processes XML documents and transforms document data from one XML schema to another.

30..What is the purpose of Java Connector Architecture?

Java Connector Architecture JCA provides a Java technology solution to the problem of connectivity between the many application servers in Enterprise Information Systems (EIS).

31..What is the purpose of Java Messaging Service?

(JMS) provides a messaging standard that allows application components based on the Java Enterprise Edition (JEE) to access business logic distributed among heterogeneous systems.

32..What is the purpose of Web Service Description Language?

Web Service Description Language (WSDL) file provides a standardized view on the capabilities of a service. Bindings provide the entry points into the composite at runtime.

33..What is the purpose of SOAP over HTTP?

SOAP provides the default network protocol for message delivery.

34..What are the components comprise an Oracle SOA Suite installation?

The following components comprise an Oracle SOA Suite installation:

Service Infrastructure

Oracle Mediator

Oracle Adapters

Business Events and Events Delivery Network

Oracle Metadata Repository

Oracle Business Rules

Oracle WSM Policy Manager

Oracle BPEL Process Manager (Business Process Execution Language)

Human Workflow

Oracle Business Activity Monitoring

Oracle User Messaging Service

Oracle B2B

Oracle JDeveloper

Oracle Enterprise Manager

The following components are included with Oracle SOA Suite, but available as a separate download:

Oracle Service Bus (provides service virtualization and protocol transformations for oracle SOA appl)

Oracle Complex Event Processing

35..What is the purpose of Oracle Mediator?

Oracle mediator is used for route, validate, filter and transform data from service providers to external partners.

Route: Determines the service component (BPEL process, business rule, human task, and mediator) to which to send the messages.

Validate: Provides support for validating the incoming message payload by using a schematron or an XSD file.

Filter: If specified in the rules, applies a filter expression that specifies the contents (payload) of a message be analyzed before any service is invoked.

Transformation: If specified in the rules, transforms document data from one XML schema to another, thus enabling data interchange among applications using different schemas.

36.What is the purpose of Oracle Service Bus?

Oracle Service Bus provides standalone service bus capabilities, enabling separation between application developers and target systems or services. Oracle Service Bus receives messages through a transport protocol such as HTTP(S), JMS, File, and

FTP, and sends messages through the same or a different transport protocol. Service response messages follow the inverse path. Oracle Service Bus handles the deployment, management, mediation, messaging, security and governance of implementing SOA to enterprise applications.

37..What is the purpose of Oracle Adapters?

Oracle Adapters use JCA (Java Connector Architecture) technology to connect external systems to the Oracle SOA Suite. Oracle SOA Suite provides the following technology adapters to integrate with transport protocols, data stores, and messaging middleware:

BAM

FTP

Java Messaging Service (JMS)

Advanced Queuing (AQ)

Files

Message Queuing (MQ) Series

Legacy Adapters

Application Adapters

38..What is the purpose of Business events?

Business events are messages sent as the result of an occurrence or situation, such as a new order or completion of an order. In Oracle SOA Suite, the mediator service component subscribes or publishes events. When an event is published, other applications can subscribe to it.

39..What is Oracle Metadata Repository ?

Oracle Metadata Repository MDS stores business events, rulesets for use by Oracle Business Rules, XSLT files for Oracle Service Bus and Oracle Mediator, XSD XML schema files for Oracle BPEL Process Manager, WSDL files, and metadata files for Complex Event Processing.

40..What is Oracle Business rules used for?

Oracle Business Rules, initiated by a BPEL process service component, enable dynamic decisions at runtime. In addition, the human task and mediator service components can make use of rules for dynamic routing.

41..What is the purpose of Oracle WSM Policy Manager?

Oracle WSM Policy Manager provides the infrastructure for enforcing global security and auditing policies in the Service Infrastructure

1)      What is SOA [Service-Oriented Architecture]?

SOA is an IT architecture strategy for business solution (and infrastructure solution) delivery based on the concept of service-orientation. It is a set of components which can be invoked, and whose interface descriptions can be published and discovered. It aims at building systems that are extensible, flexible and fit with legacy systems. It promotes the re-use of basic components called services.

2)      Why we need Oracle SOA Suite?

Service is the important concept. Services can be published, discovered and used in a technology neutral, standard form by the set of protocols of the web services. Other than being just architecture, SOA is the policies, practices, and frameworks by which it is ensure the right services are provided and consumed. It becomes critical to implement processes that ensure that there are at least two different and separate processes— one for provider and the other for consumer, using SOA. The Business Service Bus is starting point for developers that guide them to a coherent set that has been assembled for their domain. This is better than leaving developers to discover individual services and put them into context

3)  What are the Challenges faced in SOA adoption ?

One of the challenges faced by SOA is managing services metadata. Second biggest challenge is the lack of testing in SOA space. Another challenge is providing appropriate levels of security. Interoperability is another important aspect in the SOA implementations. Vendor hype concerns SOA because it can create expectations that may not be fulfilled.

4) What is SOA governance? What are its functions?

A) Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) governance is a concept used for activities related to exercising control over services in an SOA Some key activities that are often mentioned as being part of SOA governance are:

    Managing the portfolio of services: This includes planning development of new services and updating current services.

    Managing the service lifecycle: This is meant to ensure that updates of services do not disturb current services to the consumers.

    Using policies to restrict behavior: Consistency of services can be ensured by having the rules applied to all the created services.

    Monitoring performance of services: The consequences of service downtime or under-performance can be severe because of service composition. Therefore action can be taken instantly when a problem occurs by monitoring service performance and availability.

5) Business Benefits of Service-Oriented Architecture?

 A) SOA can help businesses respond more quickly and economically to changing market conditions. SOA can be considered an architectural evolution. It captures many of the best practices of previous software architectures. The goal of separating users from the service implementations is promoted by SOA. The goals like increased interoperability, increased federation and increased business & technology domain alignment can be achieved by SOA due to its architectural and design discipline. SOA is an architectural approach for constructing complex software-intensive systems from services. SOA realizes its business and IT benefits through utilizing an analysis and design methodology when creating services.

6) IT Benefits of Service-Oriented Architecture?

A) IT benefits of SOA are:

    The ability to build composite applications is provided.

    Business services are offered across thvided

    Provides truly real-time decision-making applications.

    Reliability is enhanced

    It is not necessary that Services be at a particular system or network

    The approach is completely loosely coupled

    Hardware acquisition costs are reduced

    At every level there’s Authentication and authorization support

    Existing development skills are leveraged

    Provides a data bridge between incompatible technologies

    The search and connectivity to other services is dynamic

7) SOA Processes: Short and Long Running Processes?

A) http://careerride.com/SOA-Processes.aspx

8) Explain about Web service?

Web service is type of software system which is used for exchange the data and use information from one machine to another machine through network. Generally Web services based on the standards such as TCP/IP, HTTP, Java, HTML and XML. Web services are pure xml based which is used for exchange information through Internet to direct application to application interaction. These systems include programs, objects, messages or documents. Many software applications written in various programming languages and running on various platforms can use web services to exchange data over computer network. You can develop Java-based web services on Solaris and that is accessible from your V.B Program that runs on windows.

9) Difference between Oracle SOA 10g and Oracle SOA 11g?

 There are so many changes in oracle soa 11g when compared to oracle soa 10g in business and technically and some new functionality added In Oracle SOA 11g contains Service Component Architecture where as Oracle SOA 10g having no Service Component Architecture.

ORACLE SOA Suite 10g is based on Oracle AS 10g It uses Oracle Application Server 10.1.x OC4J Sun JVM Repository tool irca to create the SOA 10g repository Managed with Application Server Console Oracle SOA Suite 11g is based on Oracle FMW 11g It uses the Oracle Weblogic server 10gR3 Sun or JRockit JVM Repository Creation Utility (RCU) to create or delete the SOA 11g repository Weblogic server console used for managing.

Oracle SOA 11g all the SOA Components of Project deployed into Single Server whereas 10g each component is deployed into particular server.

In SOA 10g having ESB Console, BPEL Console, Application Server Control these are all individual and not well integrated. In SOA 11g Provides service monitoring across all SOA Components Such as ESB, BPEL, and Human Workflow SOA suite 11 g has the Enterprise Management Console the EM console is used for Manage SOA Suite Services, Manage SOA Suite Deployment, Review Logs and Exceptions. SOA Suite 11g Components Oracle Adapters Oracle Mediator Business Events and Events Delivery Network Oracle Business Rules Human Workflow Oracle Business Activity Monitoring Oracle Enterprise Manager.

10. What is a SOA composite?

 SOA composite provides a coarsely-grained service for a business application, which processes messages in xml format. The composite application defines an assembly model stored in SCA descriptor file called composite.xml that may contain

SOA 11g Admin - Increasing Database Connection Values

You can receive the following error message because of slow connections to the database.

Exception [TOPLINK-4002] (Oracle TopLink - 11g Release 1 (11.1.1.1.0) (Build

090304)): oracle.toplink.exceptions.DatabaseException

Internal Exception: java.sql.SQLException: Internal error: Cannot obtain

XAConnection weblogic.common.resourcepool.ResourceDeadException: Pool

SOADataSource has been disabled because of hanging connection tests, cannot

allocate resources to applications.

If this occurs, perform the following steps:

Open the DOMAIN_HOME\bin\setSOADomainEnv.cmd file.

Uncomment the lines shown in bold.

# 8331492: Value of weblogic.resourcepool.max_test_wait_secs is 10

# seconds. It can be increased by uncommenting line below if your database

# connections are slow. See SOA documentation for more details.

EXTRA_JAVA_PROPERTIES="${EXTRA_JAVA_PROPERTIES}

-Dweblogic.resourcepool.max_test_wait_secs=30"

export EXTRA_JAVA_PROPERTIES

SOA 11g Admin - Resolving Connection Timeouts

You can receive a connection timeout error under circumstances such as the following:

You run a SOA composite application with a large payload that takes more than 30 seconds to process.

You are invoking a stress test using a large payload from the Test Web Service page of Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control.

You are passing a large number of message files (one million) into a composite with a file adapter service.

You are retrieving instance and fault count metrics in Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control.

To avoid receiving timeout errors, increase the transaction timeout property as follows:

Log into Oracle Web Logic Administration Console.

Click JTA.

Change the value of Timeout Seconds (the default is 30).

Click Save.

Restart Oracle Web Logic Server

SOA 11g Admin - Resolving Message Failure Caused by Too Many Open Files

You can receive the following error at runtime or compilation time, depending on the number of JAR files being used, the use of file descriptors by JDK 6/JRE, or both.

Message send failed: Too many open files

To resolve this error, increase the number of file descriptors to at least 4096.

Use the limit command (for the C shell) or the ulimit command (for the Bash shell) to identify the value for descriptors. A value of 1024 is typically too low, especially for JDK 6.

% limit

 cputime      unlimited

 filesize     unlimited

 datasize     unlimited

 stacksize    10240 kbytes

 coredumpsize unlimited

 memoryuse    unlimited

 vmemoryuse   unlimited

 descriptors  1024

 memorylocked 500000 kbytes

 maxproc      46720

Log in as the root user on your operating system.

Edit the /etc/security/limits.conf file to increase the value for descriptors.

For this example, the limits.conf file appears as follows after increasing the limit for all users to 4096:

#               

#

#*               soft    core            0

#*               hard    rss             10000

#@student        hard    nproc           20

#@faculty        soft    nproc           20

#@faculty        hard    nproc           50

#ftp             hard    nproc           0

#@student        -       maxlogins       4

# End of file

@svrgroup    soft    memlock         500000

@svrgroup    hard    memlock         500000

*           soft    nofile          4096

*           hard    nofile          4096

Close your terminal and reopen for the change to take effect. A system restart is not required.

SOA 11g Admin - Common Issues

1) Limitation on Using the Safari Browser to View WSDL File Content

If you are using the Safari browser, note the following limitation and workaround for viewing WSDL file contents in Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control. Note also that Mozilla Firefox works correctly and does not require this workaround.

Go to the home page for a SOA composite application.

Click the Show WSDL and endpoint URI link at the top of the page.

Click the WSDL link that is displayed.

This opens a blank page that does not display the contents of the selected WSDL.

As a workaround, perform the following additional steps.

In the upper right corner of this page, click the Display a menu for the current page icon.

Select View Source from the menu that is displayed.

This displays the contents of the selected WSDL in another page.

2) Flow Diagram Does Not Display the First Time on Some Lower End Hosts

The flow diagram for an instance ID of a deployed SOA composite application in Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control may not display the first time on some lower end hosts. Instead, you receive a failed to load resource message.

As a workaround, close the flow trace page and click the instance ID to return to the flow trace page.

SOA 11g - EM console performance issues

Scenario and Symptoms:

The BPEL Engine Audit level is set to Development.

The BPEL engine is load tested with some huge number of transactions causing to generate large number of instances in the dehydration store (SOAINFRA Schema)

Below activities in EM console take time:

1.       EM Login Page Load time

2.       Time taken for logging in to the EM

3.       Time taken to render homepage for SOAINFRA

4.       Expanding the SOAINFRA and each partition within

5.       Time taken to render home page for each deployed composite

6.       Time taken to render details for each instance of any deployed composite

Cause:

Large number of instances in the dehydration store with audit level set to Development. When you login to EM console it tries to load the large amounts of instance and fault data from database leading to slowing up the EM console response time.

Solution:

Improving the Loading of Pages in Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control Console

You can improve the loading of pages that display large amounts of instance and fault data in Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control Console by setting two properties in the Display Data Counts section of the SOA Infrastructure Common Properties page.

These two properties enable you to perform the following:

Disable the fetching of instance and fault count data to improve loading times for the following pages:

Dashboard pages of the SOA Infrastructure, SOA composite applications, service engines, and service components

Delete with Options: Instances dialog

These settings disable the loading of all metrics information upon page load. For example, on the Dashboard page for the SOA Infrastructure, the values that typically appear in the Running and Total fields in the Recent Composite Instances section and the Instances column of the Deployed Composites section are replaced with links. When these values are large, it can take time to load this page and other pages with similar information.

Specify a default time period that is used as part of the search criteria for retrieving recent instances and faults for display on the following pages:

Dashboard pages and Instances pages of the SOA Infrastructure, SOA composite applications, service engines, and service components

Dashboard pages of services and references

Faults and Rejected Messages pages of the SOA Infrastructure, SOA composite applications, services, and references Faults pages of service engines and service components

SOA 11g - BPEL Tables and Dehydration store information

BPEL dehydration store:

The Dehydration Store database is used to store process status data, especially for asynchronous BPEL processes.

Key BPEL tables:

Table

Contents

CUBE_INSTANCE: Stores the instance header information: domain, creation date, state (completed, running, stale, canceled), priority, title, and so on

CUBE_SCOPE: Stores the state of the instance, (variable values and so on)

AUDIT_TRAIL: Audit trail information for an instance. This information can be viewed from BPEL Console.

AUDIT_DETAILS: Large detailed audit information about a process instance

DLV_MESSAGE: Callback message metadata

DLV_MESSAGE_BIN: Payload of callback messages

INVOKE_MESSAGE: Invocation messages metadata

INVOKE_MESSAGE_BIN: Payload of invocation messages

DLV_SUBSCRIPTION: Delivery subscriptions for an instance

TASK: Tasks created for an instance (i.e. title, assignee, status, expiration)